Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished and sustainable over time. Unlike fossil fuels, which deplete finite resources and contribute to environmental degradation, renewable energy sources harness naturally occurring processes. Common types of renewable energy include solar energy (captured from sunlight), wind energy (generated by wind turbines), hydropower (produced from flowing or falling water), biomass (energy derived from organic materials), and geothermal energy (extracted from the earth’s internal heat). These energy sources are considered environmentally friendly as they typically result in lower greenhouse gas emissions and have a minimal ecological footprint compared to conventional energy sources. The transition to renewable energy is seen as a crucial strategy for combating climate change, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and promoting energy security and sustainability.